Ahead of International Women’s Day (Saturday 8 March) we’re shining a light on two of our doctors who were instrumental in the development of a new national toolkit to help midwives and neonatal clinicians diagnose jaundice in babies with darker skin tones.
Jaundice is a common newborn condition which affects six in 10 term infants and eight in 10 babies born prematurely before the 37th week of pregnancy. It presents as yellowing of the skin in babies with paler skin tones and is easily treatable if detected early. However, jaundice can appear differently in babies with darker skin tones, making it harder to detect and increasing the risk of delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Consultant Neonatologist Dr Helen Gbinigie and Dr Oghenetega Edokpolor from Medway Maritime Hospital’s Oliver Fisher Neonatal Unit, worked with the NHS Race and Health Observatory to develop a toolkit to improve screening for jaundice, raise awareness, and reduce healthcare disparities. This followed a national review which highlighted the urgent need for resources to help healthcare professionals identify jaundice in Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) newborns.
Images used in the toolkit to show how jaundice presents in darker skin tones, were taken from a project called ‘Developing inclusive training materials for early detection of jaundice across all skin tones’ which was launched and led on by Dr Gbinigie and Dr Edokpolor last November. The aim of the initiative was to develop educational resources to improve the early detection of jaundice in babies of all ethnic backgrounds.
An online webinar called ‘Jaundice in darker skin tone babies’ was also created by Dr Gbinigie to train healthcare professionals who care for newborns, and their families, how to diagnose the condition. The first session held last September, attracted more 300 attendees from across the country, with more than 400 participants attending the second session at the end of January.

Dr Gbinigie said: “The toolkit is essential for early diagnosis and the prompt treatment of jaundice, ensuring timely intervention to improve outcomes and prevent avoidable, irreversible brain damage caused by delayed treatment in all babies.
“Treatment is usually recommended only if a baby’s blood shows high levels of bilirubin reaching the treatment threshold. Bilirubin is a yellow substance produced when red blood cells break down. If levels become too high, there is a risk of permanent brain damage, known as kernicterus. In rare cases, jaundice may also indicate an underlying health condition, making timely diagnosis crucial.
“The development of the infographics took approximately two weeks, from initial concept to final design, with the toolkit being officially launched at the January webinar. Since then we have been rolling out the toolkit to maternity and neonatal services and networks across the country, through professional newsletters, social media, and by sharing it with study day participants. It is also hosted on The Race & Health Observatory’s (RHO) website.”
To help expectant and new parents, and other family members, understand jaundice, a webinar on neonatal jaundice is set to take place on Tuesday 1 April between 11am and 1.30pm. During the session participants will hear from healthcare experts on how to spot the signs, manage jaundice in hospital and at home, and get the right support.

Dr Edokpolor, who is an ST5 neonatal trainee*, said: “It started off at first about enlightening health care workers, now it’s time to enlighten parents and everyone else involved in looking after a new baby.
“Everyone should be able to recognise neonatal jaundice before it causes any harm.”
* an ST5 neonatal trainee is someone who is in year five of their speciality training to become a neonatology consultant instead of a general paediatrician.
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